DESCRIPTION:
Transcranial stimulation encompasses noninvasive methods that transmit physical fields-such as magnetic, electric, ultrasound, and light-to the brain to modulate its function. The most widespread approach, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), has emerged as an important tool in several areas of neuroscience as well as in clinical applications in psychiatry and neurology. Originally envisioned as a way to measure the responsiveness and conduction speed of neurons and synapses in the brain and spinal cord, TMS has also become an important tool for changing the activity of brain neurons and the functions they subserve as well as an causal adjunct to brain imaging and mapping techniques. Along with transcranial electrical stimulation techniques, TMS has diffused far beyond the borders of clinical neurophysiology and into cognitive, perceptual, behavioural, and therapeutic investigation and attracted a highly diverse group of users and would-be users. Another major success of TMS has been as a treatment in psychiatry, where it is now in routine use worldwide. The field of noninvasive neuromodulation has matured and diversified considerably in the past decade, with an expansion in the number of tools available and our understanding of their mechanisms of action.
This second edition of The Oxford Handbook of Transcranial Stimulation brings together the latest developments and important advances in all areas of Transcranial stimulation. The new volume captures the rapid progress made since the first edition, and provides an authoritative and comprehensive review of the state of the art. It also highlights challenges, opportunities, and future directions for this rapidly changing field. The book focuses on the scientific and technical background required to understand transcranial stimulation techniques and a wide-ranging survey of their burgeoning applications in neurophysiology, neuroscience, and therapy. Each of its six sections deals with a major area and is edited by an international authority therein. It will serve researchers, clinicians, students, and others as the definitive text in this area for years to come.
CONTENTS:
Section I: Physics, Biophysics, and Technology
1. Physics and biophysics fundamentals of transcranial stimulation
2. Transcranial electrical stimulation devices
3. Transcranial magnetic stimulators
4. Transcranial magnetic stimulation coils
5. TMS pulse waveform and direction
6. Computational methods for dosimetry
7. Neuronavigation
8. Transcranial static magnetic field stimulation
9. Transcranial ultrasound modulation
10. Transcranial infrared laser stimulation
Section II: TMS measures of motor cortical and corticospinal excitability: Physiology, function and plasticity
11. Motor threshold, motor evoked potential, central motor conduction time
12. Cortical silent period
13. Paired-pulse measures [SICI, SICF, ICF, LICI, LCD]
14. Paired-coil measures
15. Pharmacology of TMS measures
16. Clinical Utility of TMS-EMG measures
17. TMS measures explored by EEG recordings
18. TMS measures and voluntary motor function
19. Changes in TMS measures induced by repetitive TMS
20. Changes in TMS measures induced by transcranial direct and alternating current stimulation
Section III: Combining transcranial brain stimulation with brain mapping
21. Brain mapping and brain stimulation - a framework
22. Transcranial brain stimulation and structural MRI
23. Transcranial brain stimulation and functional MRI
24. Transcranial brain stimulation and magnetic resonance spectroscopy
25. Transcranial brain stimulation and PET
26. Transcranial brain stimulation and EEG/MEG
Section IV: Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Perception and Cognition
27. Higher level vision
28. Attention and spatial cognition
29. Decision Making
30. Numerical Cognition
31. State-dependent studies on perception and cognition
Section V: Noninvasive brain stimulation in learning and memory
32. rTMS and implicit learning
33. Effects of electrical brain stimulation on motor learning
34. Transcranial stimulation of episodic memory networks
35. Working memory
36. Computational Neurostimulation
37. Ethical Issues in Transcranial Stimulation for Enhancement
Section VI: Therapeutic Applications of Transcranial Stimulation
38. New developments in the treatment of depression with tDCS
39. Stratified precision medicine for transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment of Major Depressive Disorder
40. TMS in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder
41. Cognitive enhancement using Noninvasive Brain Stimulation (NIBS), with application to normal and pathological cognitive decline in aging
42. Transcranial Stimulation and the Pain Experience
43. Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation in Schizophrenia
44. Experimental and Therapeutic use of Transcranial Stimulation techniques in Autism Spectrum Disorder
45. Next Generation Seizure Therapy