DESCRIPTION:
Thinking and reasoning, long the academic province of philosophy, have over the past century emerged as core topics of empirical investigation and theoretical analysis in the modern fields of cognitive psychology, cognitive science, and cognitive neuroscience. Formerly seen as too complicated and amorphous to be included in early textbooks on the science of cognition, the study of thinking and reasoning has since taken off, brancing off in a distinct direction from the field from which it originated.
The Oxford Handbook of Thinking and Reasoning is a comprehensive and authoritative handbook covering all the core topics of the field of thinking and reasoning. Written by the foremost experts from cognitive psychology, cognitive science, and cognitive neuroscience, individual chapters summarize basic concepts and findings for a major topic, sketch its history, and give a sense of the directions in which research is currently heading. Chapters include introductions to foundational issues and methods of study in the field, as well as treatment of specific types of thinking and reasoning and their application in a broad range of fields including business, education, law, medicine, music, and science. The volume will be of interest to scholars and students working in developmental, social and clinical psychology, philosophy, economics, artificial intelligence, education, and linguistics.
CONTENTS:
1. Thinking and Reasoning: A Reader""s Guide
Part I: General Approaches to Thinking and Reasoning
2. Normative Systems: Logic, Probability, and Rational Choice
3. Bayesian Inference
4. Knowledge Representation
5. Computational Modeling of Higher Cognition
6. Neural Substrate of Thinking
7. Mental Function as Genetic Expression: Emerging Insights from Cognitive Neurogenetics
Part II: Deductive, Inductive and Abductive Reasoning
8. Dual-process Theories of Reasoning: Facts and fallacies
9. Inference in Mental Models
10. Similarity
11. Concepts and Categories: Memory, Meaning, and Metaphysics
12. Causal Learning and Inference
13. Analogy and Relational Reasoning
14. Explanation and Abductive Inference
15. Rational Argument
Part III. Judgment and Decision Making
16. Decision Making
17. Judgment Heuristics
18. Cognitive Hierarchies and Emotions in Behavioral Game Theory
19. Moral Judgment
20. Motivated Thinking
Part IV. Problem Solving, Intelligence, and Creative Thinking
21. Problem Solving
22. On the Distinction between Rationality and Intelligence: Implications for Understanding Individual Differences in Reasoning
23. Cognition and the Creation of Ideas
24. Insight
25. Genius
Part V. Ontogeny, Phylogeny, Language and Culture
26. Development of Thinking in Children
27. The Human Enigma
28. Language and Thought
29. Thinking in Society and Culture
Part VI. Modes of Thinking
30. Mathematical Cognition
31. Visuospatial Thinking
32. Gesture in Thought
33. Impact of Aging on Thinking
34. The Cognitive Neuroscience of Thought Disorder in Schizophrenia
Part VII. Thinking in Practice
35. Scientific Thinking and Reasoning
36. Legal Reasoning
37. Thinking and Reasoning in Medicine
38. Thinking in Business
39. Musical Thought
40. Learning to Think: Cognitive Mechanisms of Knowledge Transfer
